What aspect of society is examined under social factors in PESTLE?

The correct choice focuses on population size and growth rate, which are critical elements within the social factors of the PESTLE analysis framework. Social factors encompass demographics, cultural trends, population dynamics, social attitudes, and lifestyle changes that can significantly influence an organization's market strategies and operations.

Understanding population size and growth rate enables businesses to gauge potential market demand, assess labor supply, and identify shifts in consumer behavior. For example, a growing population may lead to increased demand for products and services, while population decline could indicate shrinking markets.

Other options such as climate change pertain to environmental factors, interest rates are related to economic aspects, and discrimination laws fall under legislative or legal factors. These elements do not directly pertain to the demographic or social trends that shape societal structure and consumer preferences, which is why they are not classified under social factors in PESTLE analysis.